Indicators on CLBO Crystal You Should Know
Indicators on CLBO Crystal You Should Know
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All-good-point out ultraviolet lasers are actually broadly Utilized in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and medication for the benefits of tiny volume, long lifestyle, higher performance, fantastic beam excellent, large tuning and slim spectral line, etc. Utilizing superior ability near-infrared coherent mild source as the fundamental frequency source determined by nonlinear tuning technological know-how, making ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is considered to be an essential strategy to develop the ultraviolet coherent light-weight source.
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We summarized The existing development position on the higher-power DUV laser both equally on the wavelength of FHG of the one-μm laser and at 193 nm. The latest development on the reliable-state/fiber laser, plus the nonlinear optical crystals, prompts not simply the common electrical power but additionally the beam good quality (coherence) on the DUV lasers to an unparalleled degree.
As an illustration, the current concave OC could get replaced by a plane mirror which could mitigate the facility density to the surface area of M1 and also the diamond. Moreover, working with large damage threshold coatings for M1 and diamond would also Enhance the output energy with none damages. Then, the NIR laser on the 2nd Stokes wavelength may very well be higher more than enough, and also its good beam good quality, to generate the final DUV laser at 193 nm that has a high common electric power.
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Due to thermal lens result while in the strong-point out lasers, In case the heating management is inadequate, It is far from simple to acquire the strong-state laser using a high electric power along with a superior beam quality simultaneously. Lately, with the event of The skinny disk laser and one-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a large-electric power laser at the elemental wavelength (1 μm) had been realized with a superb beam high-quality even with a TEM00 mode beam [4,24], which would be good candidates for the fundamental in the DUV laser era. One more applicant for the elemental is definitely the high-power fiber laser which could be accomplished by coherent beam combination with M2 benefit fewer than 1.
On another facet, the ability scaling on the NIR laser is an additional element to increase the ordinary electricity in the 193-nm DUV laser. Because of the not enough the large-power amplification Option in the NIR laser (for instance at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures like optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could possibly be placed on develop a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength in addition to acquiring relative bigger electrical power [21]. Not long ago, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its capability in obtaining a superior electricity as well as a substantial conversion performance within the 1st Stokes of your one-μm laser [22,23], which implies the chance to be used in the 193-nm DUV laser technology because of its high Raman gain and enormous frequency change.
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The conversion performance from elementary NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% based on the reported ends in Table one. Increasing the conversion effectiveness will reduce the load on the look and setup of the basic laser amplifier as well as the electrical ability consumption. A superb beam excellent of the basic laser will also contribute on the expanding from the conversion effectiveness together with the right electric power intensity in the NIR and inexperienced laser from the SHG and FHG system, respectively. The best conversion efficiencies from NIR to environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly to DUV laser by usage of CLBO crystal are 70% and all-around fifty%, respectively [twelve], which corresponds on the conversion effectiveness of 35% from basic to DUV.
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